Mapping Your Soil (2024)

Earth Science Week Classroom Activities

Mapping Your Soil (1)

Activity Source:

Soil Science Society of America. Adapted withpermission.

The key properties of soil (physical, biological, and chemical) determinerecreation, crop production, range, water/erosion conservation, forestry, andengineering uses of the soil. Soil surveys help us understand how soils differand how they behave under various land management systems. The heart of a soilsurvey is the soil map showing the spatial distribution and variability ofsoils on the landscape.

The work of soil surveying in the United States began in the early 20thcentury. Today, the online web soil survey has soil maps and online data formore than 95 percent of the nation’s counties and anticipates having 100percent soon.

On the Web Soil Survey, you’ll find the type of soil in your identified area,best uses and limitations for the area, and soil properties and qualities. Usethe Web Soil Survey (developed by the USDA-Natural Resources ConservationService) to determine what soil is around your school and how it can be used.

Materials

  • Computer with Internet access
  • Paper and pen or pencil

Procedure

  1. Go to http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/HomePage.htm and click on the green Start WSS.

  2. To start your search, click on “Address” under Quick Navigation on the left. Type the address of your school and click “View.” The map will pinpoint the location with an orange marker.

  3. Get more specific. Using the AOI Rectangle in the legend above the map, drag and create a space around the school location that encompasses at least a few streets. Wait for the “Creating AOI” message to go away. A hashed area around your school will show on the map.

  4. Now you can get to information about the soil! Click on the “Soil Map” tab at the top. Identify on the map the specific soil symbol where the school is located. Click on “Map Unit Legend” at left and learn about the different soils in the area and the number of acres of each type. Click on the “Map Unit Name” to learn specific information about that soil.

  5. Then, click on the “Soil Data Explorer” tab at the top and learn about the soil properties and qualities, as well as suitabilities and limitations for use. Viewing ratings creates a colored map; information about the limitations is shown in the legend below the map. (Green is good, yellow means use caution, and red is not a wise use.)

  6. Want a report or printout? Click on the free “Shopping Cart” to access the report or have it emailed to you.

  7. How do you use this information in your classroom? Visit www.soils4teachers.org/esw for detailed activities for using the web soil survey.

Want to Learn More? Visithttp://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/edu/?cid=stelprdb1236841to find which states have state soils, what those soils are, where they arelocated, and why these soils are important to each state. A soil series namegenerally is derived from a town or landmark in or near the area where thesoil was first recognized.

Mapping Your Soil (2024)

FAQs

What is the process of soil mapping? ›

Soil mapping involves locating and identifying the different soils that occur, collecting information about their location, nature, properties and potential use, and recording this information on maps and in supporting documents to show the spatial distribution of every soil.

How do I find out what type of soil is in my area? ›

Go to http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/HomePage.htm and click on the green Start WSS.
  1. To start your search, click on “Address” under Quick Navigation on the left. ...
  2. Get more specific. ...
  3. Now you can get to information about the soil!

How do I find out what type of soil I have? ›

If it holds its shape but crumbles when you give it a light poke, it is loamy soil. This is the best soil for plants. If it holds its shape and doesn't respond to being gently poked, then it is clay soil, which is nutrient rich but dense. If it falls apart as soon as you open your hand, it is sandy soil.

How to read a soil survey map? ›

Each delineation on the soil map is identified by letter symbol: two letters for the soil name and one letter for each phase described. Map units are listed in alphabetical order for ease of reference, except for the miscellaneous land types grouped at the end.

What are the 4 steps to effective process mapping? ›

Creating effective process maps requires four things:
  1. a set of symbols;
  2. a technique to ensure that everyone uses and understands the symbols in the same way;
  3. data about each process step;
  4. a drawing tool to link graphical elements into a readable map.
Sep 11, 2018

What is the method of mapping? ›

Mapping is a method that uses comprehension/concentration skills and evolves in a note taking form which relates each fact or idea to every other fact or idea. Mapping is a graphic representation of the content of a lecture.

Can I test my soil myself? ›

You can purchase a soil test kit in Lowe's Garden Centers. These kits will provide an immediate analysis of your soil's pH and nutrient levels. You can also find testing meters that measure pH as well as moisture and light.

How can I test my soil type at home? ›

Rub some moist soil between fingers. Sand feels gritty. Silt feels smooth. Clays feel sticky.

How can you tell if dirt is topsoil? ›

Topsoil is usually darker in color and contains a mixture of organic matter. If you have questions about the content of the soil, check with your supplier before purchasing.

What does too much clay do to soil? ›

Increased compaction: Dry clay prevents infiltration of roots throughout the ground by being so thick and sticky. This sort of compaction makes it difficult for plants to even start growing. 3. Poor drainage: The danger in having a soil that retains as much moisture as clay is that it doesn't drain very well.

How do I tell if my soil is good? ›

5 Signs of Healthy Soil in Honor of World Soil Day
  1. You can't see healthy soil. ...
  2. Healthy soil has living roots growing in it. ...
  3. Healthy soil is teeming with life. ...
  4. Healthy soil produces high yielding crops, even when the weather doesn't cooperate. ...
  5. Healthy soil is surrounded by healthy water, ecosystems, and people.
Dec 5, 2013

How is soil mapping done? ›

How Are Soil Maps Made? The USDA creates soil maps through a variety of means. They go out to the region they are mapping and compile data through physical field sampling and technology. They collect additional data through aerial photography and other sensing technology.

How accurate are soil maps? ›

In addition, we visually compared topsoil texture maps derived from these databases. We found that the maps showed the correct topsoil texture in only 13% to 42% of all test sites, with substantial confusion occurring among all texture categories, not just those in close proximity in the soil texture triangle.

What is type A vs B vs C soil? ›

OSHA classifies soils into three main groups: Type A, Type B, and Type C. Type A is the most stable and Type C is the least stable soil. To determine the soil type on a construction site, there are several tests that a competent person can use.

What is the process mapping method? ›

Process mapping is a technique used to visually map out workflows and processes. It involves creating a process map, also referred to as a flowchart, process flowchart, or workflow diagram. The purpose of process mapping is to communicate how a process works in a concise and straightforward way.

What is the process of soil analysis? ›

Four steps associated with soil testing include: 1) soil sample collection, 2) laboratory analysis, 3) interpretation of results, and 4) fertilizer or other management recommendations. We'll look at soil sample collection and analysis. The first step in soil analysis is soil sample collection.

What is the process of soil formation step by step? ›

Soil minerals form the basis of soil. They are produced from rocks (parent material) through the processes of weathering and natural erosion. Water, wind, temperature change, gravity, chemical interaction, living organisms and pressure differences all help break down parent material.

What is the procedure of soil sampling? ›

Remove the surface litter at the sampling spot. Drive the auger to a plough depth of 15 cm and draw the soil sample. Collect at least 10 to 15 samples from each sampling unit and place in a bucket or tray. If auger is not available, make a 'V' shaped cut to a depth of 15 cm in the sampling spot using spade.

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